The former player: 'I really hoped to continue my rugby career'
Important note: This piece includes descriptions of discriminatory comments and conduct
FormerEngland player Luther Burrell says that going public to reveal racism in professional rugby brought his career to an early conclusion.
In a June 2022, Burrell characterized racism as being "widespread" in the sport, displaying Whatsapp messages and remembering training ground "jokes" he had been exposed to while representing Newcastle.
At that time 34 and out of contract, Burrell's only professional rugby since has been a handful of games with guest team the Barbarians.
"I've have definitely had to end my career because of what occurred," he explained to reporters.
"I really hoped to continue competing, of course I did. I pursued that, and it collapsed when word came out that there were inquiries underway.
"This situation was challenging - I had to simply come to terms with the fate and accept that this whole situation is a lot more important than me."
A sports organization report in 2023 found Burrell's allegations were accurate "likely correct", but said it could not collect enough proof to definitively say they happened at Newcastle.
Luther Burrell played in all of England's Six Nations games in 2014 and 2015, but was controversially overlooked for their squad for the 2015 World Cup
Burrell told media he also faced discrimination within the England set-up, during a international career that saw him win 15 appearances after his debut in 2014.
"I have had several traumatic experiences within the national team," he said.
"Some discrimination and some just old-school mentality that's really unacceptable."
Racism had become accepted in team environments, in Burrell's experience.
"This is something that has been dressed up as humour and that's been the problem that I've personally experienced and seen," said Burrell, who is of Jamaican heritage.
"During a extended period you just learn to believe that it's the standard and that is acceptable and that it's not malicious, but that's nonsense."
Burrell says he was eventually spurred to go public after a fellow player at Newcastle called him as a "slave" and instructed him to put sunscreen on his arms and legs "where your shackles were."
The governing body said Burrell's disclosures had led to "increased scrutiny at the culture within the elite game and to the introduction of an strategy for the elite level."
"The organization has given significant attention on inclusion and diversity in rugby union and a substantial amount of work undertaken both prior and after Luther Burrell spoke publicly and shared his experiences of racism and class discrimination," it continued.
"The organization are ongoing work with teams and partners in the professional game to work for a environment of inclusivity but recognize this takes time and is an ongoing process."
All Premiership and women's rugby club now has in-person education on creating welcoming environments, with its effectiveness tracked via individual reports and feedback.
All England players, including age-grade squads, are trained in being "engaged observers" to step in and protect others from damaging conduct.
"You be so pleased of what you have accomplished," Burrell's mother Joyce said to him as part of the documentary about his experiences.
"We know it has had this impact on you and finished your playing days, but in our eyes, you have achieved so well. We are so proud of you and to have you as a son."
Burrell's dad Geoff passed away shortly after the production of the film, and his sister died earlier this year.
Burrell, who grew up on a council estate in his hometown, continues his work to make the game more accessible.
His 12 Foundation aims to connect with young people in under-served communities and help them thrive on and off the pitch with complimentary sports training, guidance and dietary education.
"My intentions are genuine, I want to see the evolution of the game and if others is prepared to share their story then I'll persist to fight that fight because I'm not just pursuing this for myself," he said.
"We have an responsibility to make the game as great as it can be and the longer I talk about it perhaps the more confident others will feel about discussing their own experiences as well.
"I need to grab the bull by the horns and continue bearing this flag and keep carrying this responsibility and do what I can to create possibilities and make the game more attractive and more welcoming.
"There are a lot of underprivileged children and a lot of economic hardship and I sincerely think that rugby has the ability to change their futures, just as it transformed things for me."
Burrell scored for the Barbarians on a comeback to previous team Northampton in late 2022